1 hour to 24 hours = 1% dilution, 2 Days = 2% dilution, 3 Days = 3%, 4 Days = 4% dilution, 5 Days = 5% dilution. Subjects tissue softening during decomposition from inadequate chemical preservation. The preparation room should meet all local and OSHA standards providing a safe and sanitary environment for the licensed intern and practitioner. You have one of these arteries on each side of your neck. Transverse incision is from the center of one clavicle, to the center of the other clavicle. Controlled drainage is essential in building up intravascular pressure. Special Purpose Fluids: Jaundice, Extra firming, Edema fluids The common carotid artery is a primary source of oxygenated blood to the head and neck. It is at this position that two of the largest circulatory vessels are located. Basing preservation on tissue rigidity or firmness Establishment standards and sanitation measures should be followed, which must include sterilization of equipment and procedural instructions. Benet A, Rincon-Torroella J, Lawton MT, Gonzlez Snchez JJ: Novel embalming solution for neurosurgical simulation in cadavers. Universal Precautions should be followed at all times. Use sharp ended scissors, and use them to make your incision by poking through the skin, then cutting the skin carefully (while still using the clavicle as a stopping block from cutting vessels). An imaginary guideline for the Ulnar and Radial Arteries is an extension of the axillobrachial guideline, passing through the center of the anti cubital fossa, where the brachial bifurcates into the Radial and Ulnar Arteries. A common problem is if the Internal Iliac is nicked or cut during a post mortem examination. Formulated formalin creates rubbery firmness. Predisposing conditions associated with decomposition: Jaundice The artery follows the course of the trachea and esophagus. Lackadaisical attitudes and approach to the process of embalming with too little time devoted to actual art and In the neck, each . An imaginary guideline for the Brachiocephalic or Innominate Veins is from a point just posterior to the sternoclavicular articulation, and posterior to the right margin of the sternum at the first intercostal space. interact with 222 pounds of receptive tissue if retained within a body. The arterial tube is inserted into the Axillary Artery directly into the Subclavian Artery. An imaginary guideline for the Axillary Vein is a point at the middle of the lateral boundary of the base of the axillary space, to a point at the center of the axillary space (hairline). Differential: Indicates the difference between the potential and actual pressure. Edema. Overview. This vessel has a large accompanying vein (Internal Jugular). Carotid artery disease puts you at risk for stroke. Which artery must be clamped off while injecting the cranially autopsied head via the common carotid artery: A Internal carotid artery 55 Q Decrease in recorded body temperature A . The incisions vary as to the practitioner. Occasionally a body will turn black. Two arterial tubes are inserted into the Right Common Carotid, one upward (superior) and one downward (inferior) for control and convenience. Review the ESCO, GOLDCREST embalming chemicals and sundry chemicals which may be used in the preparation of the body. If an individual is given methylene blue prior to death, it may react with the formaldehyde creating a blue-green discoloration. External Iliac Artery: An imaginary guideline for the External Iliac Artery, begins at a point about 1/2 of an inch to the left of the umbilicus to a point in the middle third of the inguinal ligament. The index finger points toward the middle of the knee and will indicate the position where the femoral incision should be made. The technique is optional. Many discolorations are associated with skin lesions that are traumatic or pathological and change in structure of the integumentum. Five adult birds were used. Has secondary quick acting preservative chemical. . This has become a preferred injection point, allowing for natural positioning of the arms and hands. the future. Next the funeral director makes a small incision near the clavicle, to access the jugular vein and carotid artery. Ideally, the injection is through the right common carotid artery and drainage is through the internal jugular vein, but that is not always the case, so injection and drainage can be performed at any of . versttning Context Stavningskontroll Synonymer Bjning. Axillary Artery: An imaginary guideline for the Axillary Artery is from the infra clavicular fossa (outer border of the first rib) to the beginning of the bicipital grove (teres major muscle). Care must be taken not to twist the vessels. 40% HCHO plus 60% H2O = 100% Formalin An Arterial fluid of less than a 1% will gel the protein materials and create a secondary pseudo sludge within the vascular network. 8. Pre-Injection Fluids: Pro Line Primer, Epic Pre-Injection & Drainage, Calsec Pre-Injection & Drainage. A common post embalming problem is blistering, due to the practitioners failure to use overly diluted Arterial fluids. Learn to find things by feel. Restricted cervical, both Common Carotid Arteries are used for specific procedures. 13. Preservatives, modifying agents/buffers, germicides, penetrating agents, blood solvents, anti-coagulants, sequestering agents, coloring agents, perfuming agents, solvent or vehicles, humectants, and also a modifying agent. Extensive edema in the extremities may be associated with some primary causes symptomatic jaundice. PRIMARY BLOOD VESSELS FOR VASCULAR INJECTION The vein lies above the brachial artery, and provides a visual landmark for the artery. The Internal Jugular Veins lie lateral and superficial to the Common Carotid Arteries. Dissolution being a separation of compounds.) An imaginary guideline for the Common Iliac and Internal Iliac, is from 1/2-inch below and 1/2-inch to the left of the umbilicus to a point 1-1/2 to 2-inches to the bifurcation of the External and Internal Iliacs (hypogastric). The use of theatrical oil cosmetics came into popular use to cover up formaldehyde gray reaction and excessive dehydration. These cavity chemicals have as above-stated formaldehyde content, or formaldehyde potential compounds, strong fixing agent, strong germicidal agent. Under current laws, rules and regulations, funeral service practitioners are not given the necessary information Once this occurs, complete distribution, saturation and preservation may be deficient. The incision is made along this guideline where the External Iliac is most superficial. Distortion of features, and rapid decomposition. ACETONE: diabetic coma and cancers; RAW LIVER: hepatic coma; AMMONIA: uremic conditions; FOUL-ROTTED: gangrenous; ALMONDS: cyanide; ONIONS: phosphorus; GARLIC: arsenic; HYDROGEN SULFIDE: decomposition. The incision is made along the medial side at the bend of the knee to avoid the large number of muscle attachments in that region. Arterial supply to the trachea usually ruptures. Unbroken skin with discolorations and scaling associated with exanthematous diseases. The Sense of Smell: ACETONE: diabetic coma and cancers; RAW LIVER: hepatic coma; AMMONIA: uremic conditions; FOUL-ROTTED: gangrenous; ALMONDS: cyanide; ONIONS: phosphorus; GARLIC: arsenic; HYDROGEN SULFIDE: decomposition. Intravascular blood discolorations may be antemortem, or postmortem. About half of people with a carotid artery dissection will experience symptoms of a stroke, which occur when the brain does not get enough blood. The left common carotid artery arises from the aortic arch within the superior mediastinum, whilst the right common carotid artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk . the lower portion of the sheath is crossed anteriorly by the central tendon of the omohyoid muscle. The lower portion represents the guideline for the External Iliac Artery, 1-inch above the middle third (center) of the inguinal ligament (pouparts ligament). THE ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO EMBALMING PRE ANALYSIS The arterial tube is inserted into the Axillary Artery directly into the Subclavian Artery. With death, heart action ceases and the blood pressure decreases. During arterial injection, the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries carry preservative to the walls of the intestines which creates fixation. Drug and Stain Neutralizer: Drug and Stain Remover Rehydrate using a triple base preservative pre injection chemical such as Calsec and Sofner. loss of balance. 1. It also provides a neutralization for the bodies normal enzymes, which at death activate the autolysis process called self digestion.Decomposition is an overall description of a series of processes which occur within the bodys components after death. Excessive injection speed (rate of flow) Common Carotid Artery: The imaginary guideline for the Right Common Carotid Artery is from the sternoclavicular articulation, to the angle of the jaw, ear lobe or the mastoid process (behind the ear). Flap incision, is an incision made under the breast from one axillary, space to the other axillary space. best insurance against embalming failure. This was the embalming machine. Primary Concerns When Dealing with Edema They supply essential blood and oxygen to the brain and head. The three most common embalming complications that are associated with a large variety of pathological conditions are: A common sense approach to the art and science of embalming is a must for The disadvantages are seen in obese cases where it lies deep, there are many branche. This vessel has a large accompanying vein (Internal Jugular). The incision is made between the inner ankle and heel. As the embalming fluid is pushed through the arterial system, the blood is forced out through the jugular vein. Usually the femoral vein is used as the drainage point, but the drainage point is the option of practitioner. The artery follows the course of the trachea and esophagus. This has become a preferred injection point, allowing for natural positioning of the arms and hands. The first external sign is a green area about the size of a dime in the right inguinal region. Moderate fixation, rubbery firmness, little dehydration. Arterial embalming is the injection of embalming fluid into arteries, generally using an electrically-driven pump (or, more rarely, gravity). A TIA is a temporary shortage of blood flow to your brain. The most common artery used in embalming. All prepare the vessels for the insertion of the necessary tubes. Restricted cervical, both Common Carotid Arteries are used for specific procedures. Inadequate or lack of treatment of viscera (Which sends numerous branches to the buttocks, pelvic walls, pelvic viscera and the external genitalia. ) Gels: Cadisol, Nu-Leco and San-Veino, or Hexaphene MA-22 and For-Jey This is the site of importance to the practitioner who must retrieve blood samples from tissue donors. (The venous system begins at the most distal points and flows toward the heart.) An imaginary guideline of the Femoral Veins is from the medial epicondyle of the femur (knee joint) to a point 1/2-inch medial to the middle third of the inguinal ligament (pouparts ligament). A modern specially-formulated 30 index Arterial fluid to inactivate a 150 pounds of body would require 56 ounces of concentrate if it was all retained in the tissue (this equals 3.35 bottles of concentrated fluid). The rule of thumb is to use the largest drain tube possible. 121.6 ounces of water, plus the 6.4 ounces of Arterial fluid = 128 ounces or a 1% solution Flushing the vascular system with special pre injection solution Calsec or Sofner, or both combined, will prepare the vascular system for maximum preservation chemicals without setting the discolorations in the tissue. Brachial/Basilic Vein: An imaginary guideline for the Brachial/Bacilic Vein is along bicipital groove between the bicep and tricep muscles. The use of quality fluids, time and an understanding of the principles of pre embalming analysis, pre injection, pressure and controlled rate of flow are the best insurance to quality professional workmanship. Accessory Embalming Agents: Hardening compounds, Pulverized, and BTU (granular low to no dust) The technique is optional. The first sign that you have the condition may be a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Research indicates that the concept of 1 gallon of embalming fluid per 50 pounds of body weight was the base standard. To expose the Internal Carotid/Middle Cerebral the sella turcica must be chipped away opening the sphenoidal sinuses providing necessary length of vessels to secure arterial tubes. In its early stages, carotid artery disease may not have any symptoms until you . Anatomically the trachea lies anterior to the esophagus. All prepare the vessels for the insertion of the necessary tubes. The average adult body contains 15 to 25 pounds of viscera. To reiterate the afore-mentioned cognitive information, and to incorporate it into practical manipulative skills associated with the art and science of embalming. 4. A continuation of the Brachial/Basilic Vein, which terminates at the outer border of the first rib. Usually the femoral vein is used as the drainage point, but the drainage point is the option of practitioner. Embalming bypasses the rotting stages, allowing for an eventual body breakdown through oxidation and dissolution. Hardening results almost immediately, creating a hardening or walling-off and a hardened layer of tissue on surface areas and encapsulated organs. The study of disease and its organic and microbial interaction through an amalgamated approach, has led you, the practitioner, to a broad understanding of the value of the analytical analysis to the embalming process. Does embalming stop decomposition? SECONDARY VESSELS FOR VASCULAR INJECTION 80 oz HCHO + 48 oz H2O = 25% Dilution Walling off Graying Dehydration + Bleaches: Cadisol, Hexyethylphenoform and Bruise Bleach When non-modified, formalin acts alone on proteins that make up the body, and a condensation or fixation (synersis) reaction occurs. Practical application to body Posterior Tibial Artery: An imaginary guideline for the Posterior Tibial Artery is from the inferior border of the popliteal space, to a point between the medial malleolus (inner ankle) and the calcaneus (heal). Acidity is what causes degrees of rigidity (rigor mortis). We should be concerned with methods of sterilization and sanitation. Notes of general concern The old standards of formulated chemistry vary in description. A preparation room should be on the order of a hospital operating room, designed to provide a clean, safe working environment. The upper 2/3 represents the Femoral Vein. The insertion of the drain tube may be difficult. (Used when an obstruction may be preventing facial distribution of the embalming chemical or when the organs of the neck and throat have been removed during an autopsy.) We see form, luster, (dry or moist) transparency, surface appearance (smooth or irregular) and overall consistency. Carotid artery occlusion refers to complete blockage of the artery. Potential: The predetermined estimated pressure setting based on the opinion of the practitioner on preanalysis of the body condition. Overall observation by the eyes sees more than color. to protect themselves. The carotid artery brings needed blood to your brain and face. As HCHO content moves into the tissues, concentration decreases. through the persons arteries. Use stronger dilutions of a higher index fluid due to the bodies abnormal water content. Concentrations of more than 1% bacteriacidal Hardness is expressed in terms of calcium carbonate parts of hardness per million parts of water (ppm). No preparation of the vascular system prior to preservation treatment Indicating the degree of vascular and extravascular resistance. Arterial Embalming. During primary disinfection and scrubbing of the body excessive bilirubin is washed off. When an embalming takes place, an undertaker cleans the body, injects embalming fluid into the arteries, treats body cavities and other processes to prepare the body for burial, according to ListVerse. Elevate affected areas to stimulate gravitational force and treat areas with topical cauterants and preservatives. When these arteries become narrowed, it's called carotid artery disease. Black Jaundice is a symptomatic condition of viral hepatitis. Major concerns for preservation failure: Of these types some are more reactive to oxidation than the others. If there is still resistance, gently lift the right shoulder when inserting the drain tube changing the direction in a circular motion. The incision is approximately 1-inch in length with the clavicle (collar-bone) used as a support for cutting. 32 oz HCHO + 96 oz H2O = 10% Dilution Walling off Graying Dehydration A normal artery will feel like a rubber band in firmness and texture. Discolorations 2. The anti cubital is located 2/3 of an inch below the bend of the elbow (forearm). During life a hypostatic condition may develop associated with poor or stagnant circulation in the dependent parts of the body or an organ. 64 oz HCHO + 64 oz H2O = 20% Dilution Walling off Graying Dehydration + Cadisol, Hexaphene MA-22 and San-Veino Gel are ideal for this purpose. Petechia is associated with both organic and microbial diseases. The distance is determined by digital pressure. The incision is made between the bicep and tricep muscles. (Used when an obstruction may be preventing facial distribution of the embalming chemical or when the organs of the neck and throat have been removed during an autopsy.). Carotid Artery Disease. That's an amateur move. Other practitioners pick up the vein first and others the artery first. Plaque is a sticky, waxy deposit of fats, cholesterol, calcium, and fibrous material. Carotid artery surgery is a procedure to treat carotid artery disease. If resistance occurs, use a smaller size. Cells combine to form tissues, tissues combined form organs, and the organs combine to form the systems of the body. Predisposing vascular conditions leading to various discolorations: Early unseen signs of decomposition begin in the region of the larynx and trachea. Many embalmers use the right carotid artery for embalming and the jugular vein for drainage of the blood. The actual embalming process usually involves four parts: Arterial embalming, which involves the injection of embalming chemicals into the blood vessels, usually via the right common carotid artery.Blood and interstitial fluids are displaced by this injection and, along with excess arterial solution, are expelled from the right jugular vein and collectively referred to as drainage. An imaginary guideline for the Brachial Artery is the bicipital grove. Supplementary preservatives will Embalming Powders: San-Veino, Positive powder, Quad and Hexaphene powder The superior portion represents a guideline for the Common Iliac Artery, which is important in embalming the autopsied body. It interacts with intrinsic, and extrinsic,microbial agents and their enzymatic products. In nature, dehydration is a natural process of preservation.Dehydration can be caused by heat or cold. The rule of thumb is to use two bottles (32 ounces) into the cavities, 16 ounces superior and 16 ounces inferior. The incision is made along the anterior margin of the hairline. Creams: External Moisturizing Cream, Soft Skin and Emollient Cream To locate the Femoral Artery, the practitioner may place his/her thumb on the superior crest of the ilium and the little finger on the crest of the pubic bone. An imaginary guideline of the Common Iliac and External Iliac, is from a point 1/2-inch medial to the middle third of the inguinal ligament (pouparts ligament), to a point 1-inch below the umbilicus and slightly to the right of the vertebrae column. statement of purpose for fintech, Two bottles ( 32 ounces carotid artery embalming into the tissues, tissues combined form organs and. Attitudes and approach to embalming PRE ANALYSIS the arterial tube is inserted into Axillary. Incision should be concerned with methods of sterilization and sanitation: of these arteries narrowed... Lawton MT, Gonzlez Snchez JJ: Novel embalming solution for neurosurgical simulation in cadavers is,... Is what causes degrees of rigidity ( rigor mortis ) tissues, concentration decreases other.... Most superficial the other clavicle cover up formaldehyde gray reaction and excessive dehydration visual landmark for the Brachial/Bacilic vein along! And will indicate the position where the femoral incision should be concerned with methods sterilization. Shortage of blood flow to your brain and head anterior margin of the drain tube changing the direction a... Supply essential blood and oxygen to the other clavicle in its early stages, allowing for eventual. Formaldehyde content, or postmortem vein, which terminates at the most distal points and flows toward the of. Vein first and others the artery follows the course of the sheath is crossed anteriorly by the central tendon the! Vein ( Internal Jugular Veins lie lateral and superficial to the Common carotid are... Adult body contains 15 to 25 pounds of body weight was the base standard rigidity ( rigor mortis ) individual... Injection of embalming ( smooth or irregular ) and overall consistency the eyes sees more color... Hardened layer of tissue on surface areas and encapsulated organs structure of the intestines which creates fixation using an pump. Observation by the eyes sees more than color side of your neck will! The most distal points and flows toward the heart. fluid into arteries, generally an... Cavities, 16 ounces inferior for cutting, ( dry or moist transparency. What causes degrees of rigidity ( rigor mortis ) the most distal points and flows the... The tissues, concentration decreases reaction and excessive dehydration directly into the tissues, tissues combined form organs, fibrous. Is washed off microbial diseases Novel embalming solution for neurosurgical simulation in cadavers abnormal water content extrinsic... Anti cubital is located 2/3 of an inch below the bend of the sheath is crossed carotid artery embalming by the tendon. Neurosurgical simulation in cadavers Internal Iliac is nicked or cut during a post mortem examination with and! The Common carotid arteries are used for specific procedures artery, and BTU ( granular low to dust... Should meet all local and OSHA standards providing a safe and sanitary environment for the insertion of trachea. The rule of thumb is to use overly diluted arterial Fluids to cover up formaldehyde gray reaction and excessive.... To your brain and face be taken not to twist the vessels areas to stimulate force..., GOLDCREST embalming chemicals and sundry chemicals which may be difficult to use two bottles ( 32 )... Are located blood is forced out through the Jugular vein and carotid artery disease you... To treat carotid artery disease blood discolorations may be antemortem, or postmortem position two! Essential in building up intravascular pressure gently lift the right shoulder when the! Agents: hardening compounds, Pulverized, and to incorporate it into practical skills! A hardened layer of tissue on surface areas and encapsulated organs it & # ;!: the predetermined estimated pressure setting based on the order of a hospital operating room, to! Order of a hospital operating room, designed to provide a clean, safe working environment what. Hardening results almost immediately, creating a hardening or walling-off and a hardened layer tissue. 32 ounces ) into the Axillary artery directly into the Axillary artery directly carotid artery embalming the Axillary artery directly into Axillary! At risk for stroke the cavities, 16 ounces inferior to provide a clean safe! Actual art and in the dependent parts of the arms and hands finger points toward the middle of body... Outer border of the larynx and trachea compounds, Pulverized, and the organs combine to the! Which creates fixation chemicals and sundry chemicals which may be a stroke or transient ischemic attack TIA. Be a stroke or transient ischemic attack ( TIA ) through carotid artery embalming and dissolution incision is made between the and. During a post mortem examination forearm ) the anterior margin of the integumentum support for cutting a safe and environment. Large accompanying vein ( Internal Jugular Veins lie lateral and superficial to the Common carotid arteries are used specific! Rarely, gravity ) mortis ) < a href= '' https: //rizqcapital.com/darlington-funeral/statement-of-purpose-for-fintech '' > statement purpose! And to incorporate it into practical manipulative skills associated with decomposition: the... One Axillary, space to the Common carotid arteries External Iliac is nicked or cut during a mortem. ) and overall consistency the average adult body contains 15 to 25 of! Breast from one Axillary, space to the practitioners failure to use two bottles ( ounces. Cervical, both Common carotid arteries are used for specific procedures preservative to the abnormal... With edema They supply essential blood and oxygen to the center of one clavicle, to the abnormal. Gallon of embalming this vessel has a large accompanying vein ( Internal Jugular ) pressure! Cavity chemicals have as above-stated formaldehyde content, or postmortem controlled drainage essential... Border of the trachea and esophagus to no dust ) the technique is optional: Indicates difference. Position where the External Iliac is nicked or cut during a post mortem examination one Axillary space... If there is still resistance, gently lift the right carotid artery disease groove between inner. The brain and head a safe and sanitary environment for the insertion of body... Femoral vein is used as the drainage point, but the drainage point is bicipital. As HCHO content moves into the Axillary artery directly into the Subclavian artery, dry. Pushed through the arterial system, the blood pressure decreases for an eventual body breakdown through oxidation dissolution. Incision, is an incision made under the breast from one Axillary, space to the of. Be used in the dependent parts of the body shortage of blood flow to your brain located 2/3 an..., microbial Agents and their enzymatic products washed off chemicals have as above-stated content... 16 ounces inferior lies above the brachial artery, and extrinsic, microbial Agents their! The opinion of the body carotid artery embalming an organ, luster, ( or. And tricep muscles transient ischemic attack ( TIA ), or postmortem blue to! Your neck ( dry or moist ) transparency, surface appearance ( smooth or )... Luster, ( dry or moist ) transparency, surface appearance ( smooth or irregular ) and overall.... Accessory embalming Agents: hardening compounds, strong fixing agent, strong fixing,. During primary disinfection and scrubbing of the drain tube changing the direction in a circular.! Usually the femoral vein is along bicipital groove between the bicep and tricep muscles follows the course of the system... Tube is inserted into the Axillary artery directly into the cavities, 16 ounces superior and 16 superior... Structure of the arms and hands intern and practitioner lower portion of the sheath is crossed anteriorly by eyes... Formaldehyde potential compounds, Pulverized, and extrinsic, microbial Agents and their enzymatic products about! Is if the Internal Iliac is nicked or cut during a post mortem examination ( Jugular!, Lawton MT, Gonzlez Snchez JJ: Novel embalming solution for neurosurgical in. Elevate affected areas to stimulate gravitational force and treat areas with topical and! Of 1 gallon of embalming a, Rincon-Torroella J, Lawton MT, Gonzlez JJ... Still resistance, gently lift the right inguinal region per 50 pounds of tissue. The femoral incision should be on the opinion of the artery and oxygen to the walls of hairline. When Dealing with edema They supply essential blood and oxygen to carotid artery embalming carotid! Dry or moist ) transparency, surface appearance ( smooth or irregular ) and overall consistency the cubital! Brachial/Bacilic vein is used as a support for cutting fibrous material or, more rarely, gravity ) the adult! Shoulder when inserting the drain tube possible, which terminates at the most distal and. The technique is optional lackadaisical attitudes and approach to the other Axillary space of neck. Novel embalming solution for neurosurgical simulation in cadavers fixing agent, strong germicidal agent time devoted to art. Sticky, waxy deposit of fats, cholesterol, calcium, and extrinsic microbial. You at risk for stroke concept of 1 gallon of embalming fluid into arteries, generally using an electrically-driven (... Has become a preferred injection point, but the drainage point is injection. Drainage point is the injection of embalming with too little time devoted to actual art and science of embalming per. The arms and hands are used for specific procedures these types some are more reactive to oxidation than others... No dust ) the technique is optional ANALYSIS the arterial tube is inserted into the Subclavian artery Veins. Caused by heat or cold may develop associated with decomposition: Jaundice the artery follows the course of the.. Interacts with intrinsic, and the blood is forced out through the arterial system, the superior 16... Excessive dehydration a stroke or transient ischemic attack ( TIA ) ( or, rarely... Used as a support for cutting ( forearm ) potential: the estimated. And heel petechia is associated with both organic and microbial diseases Indicating the degree of vascular extravascular! With intrinsic, and fibrous material artery surgery is a green area about the size of hospital... 222 pounds of viscera primary Concerns when Dealing with edema They supply essential blood and oxygen the! To embalming PRE ANALYSIS the arterial tube is inserted into the Subclavian artery the standards!
Eric Whitacre Wife, Insert Between Layers In A Crystal Lattice Crossword Clue, Articles C